• Automotive: signage, dashboards and display screens, pictograms, light lines, etc.
• Aeronautics: cockpit and cabins…
• Lighting: compliance with regulatory requirements for visual comfort in workspaces, tunnels, etc.
• Advertising spaces: reduction of light pollution…
• Medical devices and consumer goods: quality of HMIs and screens…

Our test engineers perform luminance measurements daily, providing unrivaled expertise to ensure accurate and reliable results. Our photometry laboratory is equipped with state-of-the-art devices to evaluate luminance with remarkable precision.
Luminance is a measure of the perceived brightness of a surface or light source as seen by an observer. It is a physical parameter that characterizes the intensity of light emitted, reflected, or transmitted by a surface in a given direction. Luminance is often expressed in candela per square meter (cd/m²) and is closely related to light intensity but also takes into account the apparent area of the source or surface.
In simpler terms, luminance is what our eyes perceive as the brightness of a surface or light source. It depends on both the amount of light emitted by the source or reflected by the surface and on how this light is distributed in our field of vision

Luminance mapping

Our testing equipment allows us to produce precise maps of the luminance of scenes and luminous surfaces. These maps, interpreted by our test engineers, provide valuable information to ensure the visual comfort of users and the perceived quality of the products.

Produced using a video luminance meter, the luminance maps provide the following characteristics present in the camera’s field of view:

• Point luminance

• Average, maximum, and minimum luminance of an area of the scene or mapped surface

• Uniformity of luminance to account for the luminous homogeneity of a surface • Contrast to distinguish details. This characteristic is, for example, used to determine the performance of visualization systems such as AR and VR masks.

Laboratory and on-site measurements

Luminance measurements can be carried out on products within the PISÉO laboratory, as well as on site, in offices, workshops, on roads, or even in tunnels. These measurements largely depend on the characteristics of the products tested and the scenes present in the visual field. To ensure the quality of luminance measurements, PISÉO test engineers implement rigorous and specific test protocols adapted to customer needs and precise measurement equipment.

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Thereby, these results allow you to check the performance of your products in accordance with regulatory requirements, as well as to stress their value.

Photometric measurements

Goniophotometry measurements allow to characterize the shape of the beam of a source or a light system in 3D.

Based on measurements of light intensity as a function of the angle, these measurements are particularly useful for predicting the illuminations of any illuminated surface and preventing glare (ULR).

The data is recorded in a file of IES or LDT type and can be directly used by lighting simulation software such as Dialux or Relux.

Moreover, these measurements are realized under COFRAC (scope available on www.cofrac.fr.) accreditation according to internationally recognized standards: NF EN 13032-1, NF EN 13032-4, CIE S025 and LM 79.

Through these measures, we can provide you with accredited reports containing the following characteristics:

• Total luminous flux (lumens)
• Intensities (candelas – cd)
• Intensity distribution: IES or LDT files
• Light emission spectrum (300nm to 11100nm)
• Colorimetric data in the axis: chromaticity coordinates (x, y), Correlated Color Temperature (CCT), Color Rendering Index (CRI), TM-30 (Rg, Rf)
• UGR tables (glare)
• Total system power consumption (W)
• Luminous efficacy (lumens / W)
• Power factor
• Energy efficiency class *
• Total Harmonic Distorsion (THD) rate *

* services provided without accreditation

Goniophotometry equipments

• Gonio-photometer LMT GO DS 2 000 with far-field C-type mirror
• Yokogawa WT 3000 puissancemeter
• Instrument Systems CAS140CT (360nm-830nm) and CAS140D (300nm-1100nm) spectrophotometers

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Also, European regulations provide provisions to protect people from the risks of potentially dangerous radiation.

In the professional field, employers must respect the legislation and implement means to protect employees against this potentially harmful exposure. To do this, they must first assess the optical risks related to working conditions based on the regulations and international standards in force and on the advice of experts in the field.

Regulations and standards concerning optical risk

In order to protect individuals, the Council of the European Union and the Parliament have adopted directives and regulations with which products and devices incorporating UV sources and their use must comply. These directives refer to so-called harmonized standards enabling compliance with this regulation. Finally, the scientific community has written publications to specify the UV systems in line with their application.

The European regulatory and normative system concerning worker exposure to UV risk can be summarized in the diagram below.

In France, the labor code and decree also regulate worker exposure to UV risks. The exposure limits and UV risk assessment methods are also described in the standards. The assessment of the UV risk for workers on an illumination system, for example, is therefore mandatory.

On-site optical risk assessment

Thanks to their skills and mobile radiometric test equipment, PISÉO experts can carry out on-site optical risk assessments in order to report on employee exposure to artificial optical radiation and allow employers to take appropriate measures to prevent these risks. Indeed, PISÉO experts take part in the standardization work of AFNOR and IEC on optical safety within the framework of the UF76 and TC76 committees and carry out radiometric measurements using the spectroradiometers of their laboratory accredited to ISO 17025 by the COFRAC (scope available on www.cofrac.fr).

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Measurements in an integrating sphere allow the characterization of the photometric and colorimetric performances of a light source or a light system.

Based on a radiometric measurement using a spectroradiometer, this characterization is carried out under COFRAC accreditation (scope available on www.cofrac.fr.) under controlled test conditions, in accordance with internationally recognized standards: NF EN 13032-1, NF EN 13032-4, CIE S025 and LM-79.

Through these measures, we can provide you with accredited reports containing the following characteristics:

• Luminous flux (lumens)
• Light emission spectrum (wavelength from 300nm to 1100nm)
• Color data: color coordinates (x, y), color temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI), Ra, 14 color CRI, TM-30 (Rg, Rf)
• Total electrical power consumed (W)
• Luminous efficacy (lumens / W)
• Power factor
• Energy efficiency class *
• Harmonic distortion rate *Flux lumineux (lumens)

* services provided without accreditation

Colorimetry measurement equipment

• Integrating spheres Instrument Systems 2m and GL Optic 50cm
• Spectroradiometers Instrument Systems CAS 120 and 140CT (360-830nm), CAS140D (300nm-1100nm)
• Yokogawa WT 3000 power meter
• DC and AC stabilized power supplies
• Temperature regulated device (cool plate) for measuring the performance of LED packages under different electrical and thermal operating conditions (Tj control)

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However, these rays are dangerous for the human body and can deteriorate materials. It is therefore necessary to have a good understanding of UV radiation by carrying out measurements on the light sources and devices that integrate them.

UV measurements

Radiometric measurements carried out in a reliable and impartial manner thus make it possible to know precisely the radiation emitted and to determine the performance of devices operating in the UV.

In this context, the PISEO lab offers the following radiometric measurements and analyzes:

– measurement of the UV-A, UV-B and UV-C spectrum

– irradiance measurement (Wopt / cm2) on a surface at a given distance of 250nm to 380nm

– mapping of irradiance on a surface at different distances

– calculation of energy doses (J / cm2) at a given distance and time

Equipments :

– UV-C power probe and optometer Gigahertz optik (UV-3726-4 / X1-1 V-02): 250nm-290nm

– CAS 140D Instrument System spectroradiometer: 300nm-1100nm

– OST 300 Everfine radiometric bench: 200nm-1600nm

“UV-C LEDs at the time of Covid-19”

Following the exceptional crisis linked to the appearance of Covid-19 (Coronavirus), disinfection to fight contagion has become a real subject. Moreover, UV-C radiation can destroy this virus, just like other coronaviruses.

Thus, PISEO has published a report providing a complete description of the UV-C LED technology, its implementation in systems, market and much more.

PISEO experts present in particular:

– an analysis of the offer of UV-C LED manufacturers,

– the performance and price evolution prospects of these light sources,

-the methodology to be followed to design and qualify efficient disinfection devices,

-a deep analysis of the applicable regulations,

-an analysis of the application needs expressed in terms of doses to be applied according to the microorganisms to be destroyed.

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It can cause visual discomfort for users, or even more severe disorders (epileptic seizures) for the most sensitive subjects.

It is dependent on the variation of the power supply, voluntary or involuntary. When unintentional, this variation is indicative of poor product design. Likewise, the strobe effect is an optical phenomenon that occurs when objects are in motion and illuminated by a light source that fluctuates at a certain frequency. It can thus give the impression that a part is stationary as it moves. It can therefore be dangerous in certain situations.

Devices incorporating LED-type light sources, which are extremely reactive, can thus quite easily exhibit undesirable visual effects such as optical flicker (flicker) or strobe effect.

These optical effects can be quantified using internationally recognized test methods (standards). It is thus possible to check the quality of the electrical power supplies and to compare the test results between the products (benchmarking) tested or with the limits of the regulations.

Also, European regulations on the eco-design of lighting devices take these parameters into account by specifying characteristics to be measured (Pst LM, SVM). It imposes, in fact, limits which must not be exceeded for each of these characteristics.

From September 2021, lighting devices (lamps, LED modules and lights) will therefore have to comply with these limits described in the new 2019/2020 regulation of the European Commission also called Single Lighting Regulation (SLR)

The PISÉO laboratory is able to carry out flicker tests according to IEC TR 61547 (Pst LM – flickering) and IEC TR 63158 (SVM – stroboscopic effect).

A real enhancement tool for our customers, the ISO-17025 accreditation delivered by COFRAC (scope available on www.cofrac.fr) demonstrates the seriousness, quality and impartiality of the test results carried out in our laboratory.

Optical flicker and strobe effect measuring equipments

Bi Tec Sensor Lightmeter Gigahertz Optik and controlled Chroma Power Supply

Characteristics :

• Illumination measurement and colorimetry
• Flicker measurement (Flicker Index, Percentage flicker & Pst LM)
• Strobe effect measurement
• Spectral measurement technology adapted to the light emitted by LEDs
• Fast photodiode for synchronisation to the measurement of pulse width modulated light and flicker
• Control of the power supply according to IEC TR 61547-1 ed.2

To learn more about the effect of flickering, flickering or flickering, we invite you to read our analysis on the optical flicker of Led lamps on the market.

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Nothing is easier :

• You make an appointment for a day or half-day of laboratory tests with our staff and in your presence.
• You come on the appointed day with your samples to be tested and have all the tests you want carried out by our staff.
• You can therefore interact directly based on the test results and vary the parameters you want.

Laboratory equipment at your disposal

• Goniophotometry
• Spectral and colorimetric analyzes under variable current and temperature conditions
• Thermal analyzes using IR camera and thermocouples
• Electrical analysis
• Luminance maps

These tests do not allow you to submit an accredited report.

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Objectives

The product comparison programs make it possible to know the performance of the products analyzed in a precise and objective way and to compare them. These programs are based on IEC performance standards and PISEO competencies. They are particularly suited to the distribution market.

Analyzed parameters

• Photometry and colorimetry
• Energetic efficiency
• Efficiency class Power
• Power Factor
• Endurance (specific protocol PISEO)

Technical means

The use technical means used are those of PISEO test lab.

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All products are concerned: lighting, toys, medical devices, etc.
Manufacturers and marketers of products integrating light sources must therefore assess the level of associated risk according to standard NF EN 62471 and, where applicable, taking into account the additional requirements of IEC TR 62778 for lighting devices. LED lighting.

The safety standards for luminaires, LED modules and LED lamps refer to this last document for the assessment of the risk to blue light.

Accredited for measurements according to NF EN62471 and IEC TR 62778

The protocol implemented by PISEO complies with the NF EN 62471 standard. This allows the classification of the product studied according to 4 risk groups ranging from 0 to 3 for lighting devices but also LED optical systems.

The term “photobiological hazard” refers to the potential of LED light to injure the eye, particularly at the extreme ends of the visible spectrum.

On the blue end of the visible spectrum, the risks are with UV light, while on the red side it will be more with infrared light.

Several criteria are taken into account for the measurement result and in particular those concerning the risks for the skin and the eyes: exposure of the skin, exposure of the surface of the eye (cornea, conjunctiva and lenses), as well as the exposure of the retina in the posterior part of the eye.

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For this, they follow recognized and accepted test methods using their calibrated mobile measurement equipment (spectroradiometers, luxmeters, video-luminance meters).

Some tests cannot be conducted in the laboratory but must be performed on-site, such as measuring the conformity of a light installation in an office, or the glare affecting a driver on the road, for example.

These measurements make it possible to independently verify the compliance of lighting installations and industrial processes using artificial optical radiation with the regulations and standards in force.

Optical risk from UV to IR

European regulations include provisions to protect people from the risks induced by potentially dangerous radiation.

In the professional field, employers must respect the legislation and implement means to protect employees against such exposure. To do this, they first need to assess the optical risks related to the working conditions based on the international regulations and standards in force.

Thanks to their skills and using their mobile test platform,  PISÉO experts are able to carry out on-site optical risk assessments in order to report on the exposure of employees to artificial UV VIS or IR radiation and enable employers to take adequate measures to prevent these risks.

Following these assessments, PISÉO can also assist you in reducing the optical risk in all these situations by advising on suitable protective measures (PPE, cowling, modification of radiation sources).

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Compliance and performance of road lighting

A statement on a lighting installation (LED or conventional) can make it possible to check compliance with the specifications and to identify the cause of user discomfort (insufficient lighting, glare). It can also enable comparative evaluations of innovations, for example, a new coating.

This type of service is part of the research on improvements to public lighting, roads, access to buildings, etc. Its purpose is to help architects, design offices, and communities or energy syndicates to develop comfortable and effective solutions for users.

Cities are testing different solutions to reduce the energy consumption of public lighting. This also involves the development of new coatings.

To highlight the improvements made by these new coatings in terms of visual perception and safety for users, PISÉO carries out measurements of lighting, uniformity, and luminance before and after the implementation of these new coatings. These measurements could also make it possible to determine whether reducing energy emitted by road lighting while maintaining the luminance is possible, thus saving energy.

Services provided for this type of test:

– Lighting and luminance readings on-site, at night, before and after application of a new coating.

– Assessment of luminance and illuminance levels and calculation of uniformity according to the requirements of standard EN 13201-2.

– Evaluation of the effect of coating on luminance performance.

– Evaluation and comparison of the results with the photometric data provided by the manufacturer.

The PISÉO test report allows its customers to validate or not the usefulness of such solutions.

PISÉO has carried out many other on-site measurement services, including:

• luminance and uniformity on billboards (mapping of luminance in cd/m2)

• flow and visual contrast on podo-tactile panels at tram stations

• average illuminance and luminance in tunnels

• illumination and luminance on the motorway network

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Phosphor coating performance

There is increasing development of means of lighting that consume less energy. Phosphorescent floor markings are typical examples.

These must also be checked, not only for their ability to illuminate but also for the duration of this luminance, in other words, the persistence, which can be characterized in the laboratory.

The PISÉO laboratory travels to the site to take readings at various times of the night to perform luminance measurements and analyze the performance of these coatings.

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